SAA-C03 Part 7
Question #: 301
Topic #: 1
A development team is creating an event-based application that uses AWS Lambda functions. Events will be generated when files are added to an Amazon S3 bucket. The development team currently has Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) configured as the event target from Amazon S3.
What should a solutions architect do to process the events from Amazon S3 in a scalable way?
A. Create an SNS subscription that processes the event in Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS) before the event runs in Lambda.
B. Create an SNS subscription that processes the event in Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Service (Amazon EKS) before the event runs in Lambda
C. Create an SNS subscription that sends the event to Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS). Configure the SOS queue to trigger a Lambda function.
D. Create an SNS subscription that sends the event to AWS Server Migration Service (AWS SMS). Configure the Lambda function to poll from the SMS event.
Hint Answer: C
Question #: 302
Topic #: 1
A solutions architect is designing a new service behind Amazon API Gateway. The request patterns for the service will be unpredictable and can change suddenly from 0 requests to over 500 per second. The total size of the data that needs to be persisted in a backend database is currently less than 1 GB with unpredictable future growth. Data can be queried using simple key-value requests.
Which combination ofAWS services would meet these requirements? (Choose two.)
A. AWS Fargate
B. AWS Lambda
C. Amazon DynamoDB
D. Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling
E. MySQL-compatible Amazon Aurora
Hint Answer: BC
Question #: 303
Topic #: 1
A company collects and shares research data with the company’s employees all over the world. The company wants to collect and store the data in an Amazon S3 bucket and process the data in the AWS Cloud. The company will share the data with the company’s employees. The company needs a secure solution in the AWS Cloud that minimizes operational overhead.
Which solution will meet these requirements?
A. Use an AWS Lambda function to create an S3 presigned URL. Instruct employees to use the URL.
B. Create an IAM user for each employee. Create an IAM policy for each employee to allow S3 access. Instruct employees to use the AWS Management Console.
C. Create an S3 File Gateway. Create a share for uploading and a share for downloading. Allow employees to mount shares on their local computers to use S3 File Gateway.
D. Configure AWS Transfer Family SFTP endpoints. Select the custom identity provider options. Use AWS Secrets Manager to manage the user credentials Instruct employees to use Transfer Family.
Hint Answer: D
Question #: 304
Topic #: 1
A company is building a new furniture inventory application. The company has deployed the application on a fleet ofAmazon EC2 instances across multiple Availability Zones. The EC2 instances run behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB) in their VPC.
A solutions architect has observed that incoming traffic seems to favor one EC2 instance, resulting in latency for some requests.
What should the solutions architect do to resolve this issue?
A. Disable session affinity (sticky sessions) on the ALB
B. Replace the ALB with a Network Load Balancer
C. Increase the number of EC2 instances in each Availability Zone
D. Adjust the frequency of the health checks on the ALB’s target group
Hint Answer: A
Question #: 305
Topic #: 1
A company has an application workflow that uses an AWS Lambda function to download and decrypt files from Amazon S3. These files are encrypted using AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) keys. A solutions architect needs to design a solution that will ensure the required permissions are set correctly.
Which combination of actions accomplish this? (Choose two.)
A. Attach the kms:decrypt permission to the Lambda function’s resource policy
B. Grant the decrypt permission for the Lambda IAM role in the KMS key’s policy
C. Grant the decrypt permission for the Lambda resource policy in the KMS key’s policy.
D. Create a new IAM policy with the kms:decrypt permission and attach the policy to the Lambda function.
E. Create a new IAM role with the kms:decrypt permission and attach the execution role to the Lambda function.
Hint Answer: BE
Question #: 306
Topic #: 1
A company wants to monitor its AWS costs for financial review. The cloud operations team is designing an architecture in the AWS Organizations management account to query AWS Cost and Usage Reports for all member accounts. The team must run this query once a month and provide a detailed analysis of the bill.
Which solution is the MOST scalable and cost-effective way to meet these requirements?
A. Enable Cost and Usage Reports in the management account. Deliver reports to Amazon Kinesis. Use Amazon EMR for analysis.
B. Enable Cost and Usage Reports in the management account. Deliver the reports to Amazon S3 Use Amazon Athena for analysis.
C. Enable Cost and Usage Reports for member accounts. Deliver the reports to Amazon S3 Use Amazon Redshift for analysis.
D. Enable Cost and Usage Reports for member accounts. Deliver the reports to Amazon Kinesis. Use Amazon QuickSight tor analysis.
Hint Answer: B
Question #: 307
Topic #: 1
A company runs several websites on AWS for its different brands. Each website generates tens of gigabytes of web traffic logs each day. A solutions architect needs to design a scalable solution to give the company’s developers the ability to analyze traffic patterns across all the company’s websites. This analysis by the developers will occur on demand once a week over the course of several months. The solution must support queries with standard SQL.
Which solution will meet these requirements MOST cost-effectively?
A. Store the logs in Amazon S3. Use Amazon Athena tor analysis.
B. Store the logs in Amazon RDS. Use a database client for analysis.
C. Store the logs in Amazon OpenSearch Service. Use OpenSearch Service for analysis.
D. Store the logs in an Amazon EMR cluster Use a supported open-source framework for SQL-based analysis.
Hint Answer: A
Question #: 308
Topic #: 1
An international company has a subdomain for each country that the company operates in. The subdomains are formatted as example.com, country1.example.com, and country2.example.com. The company’s workloads are behind an Application Load Balancer. The company wants to encrypt the website data that is in transit.
Which combination of steps will meet these requirements? (Choose two.)
A. Use the AWS Certificate Manager (ACM) console to request a public certificate for the apex top domain example com and a wildcard certificate for *.example.com.
B. Use the AWS Certificate Manager (ACM) console to request a private certificate for the apex top domain example.com and a wildcard certificate for *.example.com.
C. Use the AWS Certificate Manager (ACM) console to request a public and private certificate for the apex top domain example.com.
D. Validate domain ownership by email address. Switch to DNS validation by adding the required DNS records to the DNS provider.
E. Validate domain ownership for the domain by adding the required DNS records to the DNS provider.
Hint Answer: AE
Question #: 309
Topic #: 1
A company is required to use cryptographic keys in its on-premises key manager. The key manager is outside of the AWS Cloud because of regulatory and compliance requirements. The company wants to manage encryption and decryption by using cryptographic keys that are retained outside of the AWS Cloud and that support a variety of external key managers from different vendors.
Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?
A. Use AWS CloudHSM key store backed by a CloudHSM cluster.
B. Use an AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) external key store backed by an external key manager.
C. Use the default AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) managed key store.
D. Use a custom key store backed by an AWS CloudHSM cluster.
Hint Answer: B
Question #: 310
Topic #: 1
A solutions architect needs to host a high performance computing (HPC) workload in the AWS Cloud. The workload will run on hundreds of Amazon EC2 instances and will require parallel access to a shared file system to enable distributed processing of large datasets. Datasets will be accessed across multiple instances simultaneously. The workload requires access latency within 1 ms. After processing has completed, engineers will need access to the dataset for manual postprocessing.
Which solution will meet these requirements?
A. Use Amazon Elastic File System (Amazon EFS) as a shared file system. Access the dataset from Amazon EFS.
B. Mount an Amazon S3 bucket to serve as the shared file system. Perform postprocessing directly from the S3 bucket.
C. Use Amazon FSx for Lustre as a shared file system. Link the file system to an Amazon S3 bucket for postprocessing.
D. Configure AWS Resource Access Manager to share an Amazon S3 bucket so that it can be mounted to all instances for processing and postprocessing.
Hint Answer: C
Question #: 311
Topic #: 1
A weather forecasting company needs to process hundreds of gigabytes of data with sub-millisecond latency. The company has a high performance computing (HPC) environment in its data center and wants to expand its forecasting capabilities.
A solutions architect must identify a highly available cloud storage solution that can handle large amounts of sustained throughput. Files that are stored in the solution should be accessible to thousands of compute instances that will simultaneously access and process the entire dataset.
What should the solutions architect do to meet these requirements?
A. Use Amazon FSx for Lustre scratch file systems.
B. Use Amazon FSx for Lustre persistent file systems.
C. Use Amazon Elastic File System (Amazon EFS) with Bursting Throughput mode.
D. Use Amazon Elastic File System (Amazon EFS) with Provisioned Throughput mode.
Hint Answer: B
Question #: 312
Topic #: 1
An ecommerce company runs a PostgreSQL database on premises. The database stores data by using high IOPS Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) block storage. The daily peak I/O transactions per second do not exceed 15,000 IOPS. The company wants to migrate the database to Amazon RDS for PostgreSQL and provision disk IOPS performance independent of disk storage capacity.
Which solution will meet these requirements MOST cost-effectively?
A. Configure the General Purpose SSD (gp2) EBS volume storage type and provision 15,000 IOPS.
B. Configure the Provisioned IOPS SSD (io1) EBS volume storage type and provision 15,000 IOPS.
C. Configure the General Purpose SSD (gp3) EBS volume storage type and provision 15,000 IOPS.
D. Configure the EBS magnetic volume type to achieve maximum IOPS.
Hint Answer: C
Question #: 313
Topic #: 1
A company wants to migrate its on-premises Microsoft SQL Server Enterprise edition database to AWS. The company’s online application uses the database to process transactions. The data analysis team uses the same production database to run reports for analytical processing. The company wants to reduce operational overhead by moving to managed services wherever possible.
Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?
A. Migrate to Amazon RDS for Microsoft SOL Server. Use read replicas for reporting purposes
B. Migrate to Microsoft SQL Server on Amazon EC2. Use Always On read replicas for reporting purposes
C. Migrate to Amazon DynamoDB. Use DynamoDB on-demand replicas for reporting purposes
D. Migrate to Amazon Aurora MySQL. Use Aurora read replicas for reporting purposes
Hint Answer: A
Question #: 314
Topic #: 1
A company has a large data workload that runs for 6 hours each day. The company cannot lose any data while the process is running. A solutions architect is designing an Amazon EMR cluster configuration to support this critical data workload.
Which solution will meet these requirements MOST cost-effectively?
A. Configure a long-running cluster that runs the primary node and core nodes on On-Demand Instances and the task nodes on Spot Instances.
B. Configure a transient cluster that runs the primary node and core nodes on On-Demand Instances and the task nodes on Spot Instances.
C. Configure a transient cluster that runs the primary node on an On-Demand Instance and the core nodes and task nodes on Spot Instances.
D. Configure a long-running cluster that runs the primary node on an On-Demand Instance, the core nodes on Spot Instances, and the task nodes on Spot Instances.
Hint Answer: B
Question #: 315
Topic #: 1
A company uses an on-premises network-attached storage (NAS) system to provide file shares to its high performance computing (HPC) workloads. The company wants to migrate its latency-sensitive HPC workloads and its storage to the AWS Cloud. The company must be able to provide NFS and SMB multi-protocol access from the file system.
Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST latency? (Choose two.)
A. Deploy compute optimized EC2 instances into a cluster placement group.
B. Deploy compute optimized EC2 instances into a partition placement group.
C. Attach the EC2 instances to an Amazon FSx for Lustre file system.
D. Attach the EC2 instances to an Amazon FSx for OpenZFS file system.
E. Attach the EC2 instances to an Amazon FSx for NetApp ONTAP file system.
Hint Answer: AE
Question #: 316
Topic #: 1
A company is developing a new application on AWS. The application consists of an Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS) cluster, an Amazon S3 bucket that contains assets for the application, and an Amazon RDS for MySQL database that contains the dataset for the application. The dataset contains sensitive information. The company wants to ensure that only the ECS cluster can access the data in the RDS for MySQL database and the data in the S3 bucket.
Which solution will meet these requirements?
A. Create a new AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) customer managed key to encrypt both the S3 bucket and the RDS for MySQL database. Ensure that the KMS key policy includes encrypt and decrypt permissions for the ECS task execution role.
B. Create an AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) AWS managed key to encrypt both the S3 bucket and the RDS for MySQL database. Ensure that the S3 bucket policy specifies the ECS task execution role as a user.
C. Create an S3 bucket policy that restricts bucket access to the ECS task execution role. Create a VPC endpoint for Amazon RDS for MySQL. Update the RDS for MySQL security group to allow access from only the subnets that the ECS cluster will generate tasks in.
D. Create a VPC endpoint for Amazon RDS for MySQL. Update the RDS for MySQL security group to allow access from only the subnets that the ECS cluster will generate tasks in. Create a VPC endpoint for Amazon S3. Update the S3 bucket policy to allow access from only the S3 VPC endpoint.
Hint Answer: A
Question #: 317
Topic #: 1
A company has a web application that runs on premises. The application experiences latency issues during peak hours. The latency issues occur twice each month. At the start of a latency issue, the application’s CPU utilization immediately increases to 10 times its normal amount.
The company wants to migrate the application to AWS to improve latency. The company also wants to scale the application automatically when application demand increases. The company will use AWS Elastic Beanstalk for application deployment.
Which solution will meet these requirements?
A. Configure an Elastic Beanstalk environment to use burstable performance instances in unlimited mode. Configure the environment to scale based on requests.
B. Configure an Elastic Beanstalk environment to use compute optimized instances. Configure the environment to scale based on requests.
C. Configure an Elastic Beanstalk environment to use compute optimized instances. Configure the environment to scale on a schedule.
D. Configure an Elastic Beanstalk environment to use burstable performance instances in unlimited mode. Configure the environment to scale on predictive metrics.
Hint Answer: D
Question #: 318
Topic #: 1
A company is moving its data and applications to AWS during a multiyear migration project. The company wants to securely access data on Amazon S3 from the company’s AWS Region and from the company’s on-premises location. The data must not traverse the internet. The company has established an AWS Direct Connect connection between its Region and its on-premises location.
Which solution will meet these requirements?
A. Create gateway endpoints for Amazon S3. Use the gateway endpoints to securely access the data from the Region and the on-premises location.
B. Create a gateway in AWS Transit Gateway to access Amazon S3 securely from the Region and the on-premises location.
C. Create interface endpoints for Amazon S3. Use the interface endpoints to securely access the data from the Region and the on-premises location.
D. Use an AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) key to access the data securely from the Region and the on-premises location.
Hint Answer: C
Question #: 319
Topic #: 1
A company uses AWS Cost Explorer to monitor its AWS costs. The company notices that Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) storage and snapshot costs increase every month. However, the company does not purchase additional EBS storage every month. The company wants to optimize monthly costs for its current storage usage.
Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?
A. Use logs in Amazon CloudWatch Logs to monitor the storage utilization of Amazon EBS. Use Amazon EBS Elastic Volumes to reduce the size of the EBS volumes.
B. Use a custom script to monitor space usage. Use Amazon EBS Elastic Volumes to reduce the size of the EBS volumes.
C. Delete all expired and unused snapshots to reduce snapshot costs.
D. Delete all nonessential snapshots. Use Amazon Data Lifecycle Manager to create and manage the snapshots according to the company’s snapshot policy requirements.
Hint Answer: D
Question #: 320
Topic #: 1
A company maintains an Amazon RDS database that maps users to cost centers. The company has accounts in an organization in AWS Organizations. The company needs a solution that will tag all resources that are created in a specific AWS account in the organization. The solution must tag each resource with the cost center ID of the user who created the resource.
Which solution will meet these requirements?
A. Move the specific AWS account to a new organizational unit (OU) in Organizations from the management account. Create a service control policy (SCP) that requires all existing resources to have the correct cost center tag before the resources are created. Apply the SCP to the new OU.
B. Create an AWS Lambda function to tag the resources after the Lambda function looks up the appropriate cost center from the RDS database. Configure an Amazon EventBridge rule that reacts to AWS CloudTrail events to invoke the Lambda function.
C. Create an AWS CloudFormation stack to deploy an AWS Lambda function. Configure the Lambda function to look up the appropriate cost center from the RDS database and to tag resources. Create an Amazon EventBridge scheduled rule to invoke the CloudFormation stack.
D. Create an AWS Lambda function to tag the resources with a default value. Configure an Amazon EventBridge rule that reacts to AWS CloudTrail events to invoke the Lambda function when a resource is missing the cost center tag.
Hint Answer: A
Question #: 321
Topic #: 1
A company hosts an application on Amazon EC2 On-Demand Instances in an Auto Scaling group. Application peak hours occur at the same time each day. Application users report slow application performance at the start of peak hours. The application performs normally 2-3 hours after peak hours begin. The company wants to ensure that the application works properly at the start of peak hours.
Which solution will meet these requirements?
A. Configure an Application Load Balancer to distribute traffic properly to the instances.
B. Configure a dynamic scaling policy for the Auto Scaling group to launch new instances based on memory utilization.
C. Configure a dynamic scaling policy for the Auto Scaling group to launch new instances based on CPU utilization.
D. Configure a scheduled scaling policy for the Auto Scaling group to launch new instances before peak hours.
Hint Answer: D
Question #: 322
Topic #: 1
A company runs a website that stores images of historical events. Website users need the ability to search and view images based on the year that the event in the image occurred. On average, users request each image only once or twice a year. The company wants a highly available solution to store and deliver the images to users.
Which solution will meet these requirements MOST cost-effectively?
A. Store images in Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS). Use a web server that runs on Amazon EC2.
B. Store images in Amazon Elastic File System (Amazon EFS). Use a web server that runs on Amazon EC2.
C. Store images in Amazon S3 Standard. Use S3 Standard to directly deliver images by using a static website.
D. Store images in Amazon S3 Standard-Infrequent Access (S3 Standard-IA). Use S3 Standard-IA to directly deliver images by using a static website.
Hint Answer: D
Question #: 323
Topic #: 1
A company has multiple AWS accounts in an organization in AWS Organizations that different business units use. The company has multiple offices around the world. The company needs to update security group rules to allow new office CIDR ranges or to remove old CIDR ranges across the organization. The company wants to centralize the management of security group rules to minimize the administrative overhead that updating CIDR ranges requires.
Which solution will meet these requirements MOST cost-effectively?
A. Create VPC security groups in the organization’s management account. Update the security groups when a CIDR range update is necessary.
B. Create a VPC customer managed prefix list that contains the list of CIDRs. Use AWS Resource Access Manager (AWS RAM) to share the prefix list across the organization. Use the prefix list in the security groups across the organization.
C. Create an AWS managed prefix list. Use an AWS Security Hub policy to enforce the security group update across the organization. Use an AWS Lambda function to update the prefix list automatically when the CIDR ranges change.
D. Create security groups in a central administrative AWS account. Create an AWS Firewall Manager common security group policy for the whole organization. Select the previously created security groups as primary groups in the policy.
Hint Answer: B
Question #: 324
Topic #: 1
A company runs its databases on Amazon RDS for PostgreSQL. The company wants a secure solution to manage the master user password by rotating the password every 30 days.
Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?
A. Use Amazon EventBridge to schedule a custom AWS Lambda function to rotate the password every 30 days.
B. Use the modify-db-instance command in the AWS CLI to change the password.
C. Integrate AWS Secrets Manager with Amazon RDS for PostgreSQL to automate password rotation.
D. Integrate AWS Systems Manager Parameter Store with Amazon RDS for PostgreSQL to automate password rotation.
Hint Answer: C
Question #: 325
Topic #: 1
A company created a new organization in AWS Organizations. The organization has multiple accounts for the company’s development teams. The development team members use AWS IAM Identity Center (AWS Single Sign-On) to access the accounts. For each of the company’s applications, the development teams must use a predefined application name to tag resources that are created.
A solutions architect needs to design a solution that gives the development team the ability to create resources only if the application name tag has an approved value.
Which solution will meet these requirements?
A. Create an IAM group that has a conditional Allow policy that requires the application name tag to be specified for resources to be created.
B. Create a cross-account role that has a Deny policy for any resource that has the application name tag.
C. Create a resource group in AWS Resource Groups to validate that the tags are applied to all resources in all accounts.
D. Create a tag policy in Organizations that has a list of allowed application names.
Hint Answer: D
Question #: 326
Topic #: 1
A company runs applications on AWS that connect to the company’s Amazon RDS database. The applications scale on weekends and at peak times of the year. The company wants to scale the database more effectively for its applications that connect to the database.
Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?
A. Use Amazon DynamoDB with connection pooling with a target group configuration for the database. Change the applications to use the DynamoDB endpoint.
B. Use Amazon RDS Proxy with a target group for the database. Change the applications to use the RDS Proxy endpoint.
C. Use a custom proxy that runs on Amazon EC2 as an intermediary to the database. Change the applications to use the custom proxy endpoint.
D. Use an AWS Lambda function to provide connection pooling with a target group configuration for the database. Change the applications to use the Lambda function.
Hint Answer: B
Question #: 327
Topic #: 1
A company recently migrated its web application to the AWS Cloud. The company uses an Amazon EC2 instance to run multiple processes to host the application. The processes include an Apache web server that serves static content. The Apache web server makes requests to a PHP application that uses a local Redis server for user sessions.
The company wants to redesign the architecture to be highly available and to use AWS managed solutions.
Which solution will meet these requirements?
A. Use AWS Elastic Beanstalk to host the static content and the PHP application. Configure Elastic Beanstalk to deploy its EC2 instance into a public subnet. Assign a public IP address.
B. Use AWS Lambda to host the static content and the PHP application. Use an Amazon API Gateway REST API to proxy requests to the Lambda function. Set the API Gateway CORS configuration to respond to the domain name. Configure Amazon ElastiCache for Redis to handle session information.
C. Keep the backend code on the EC2 instance. Create an Amazon ElastiCache for Redis cluster that has Multi-AZ enabled. Configure the ElastiCache for Redis cluster in cluster mode. Copy the frontend resources to Amazon S3. Configure the backend code to reference the EC2 instance.
D. Configure an Amazon CloudFront distribution with an Amazon S3 endpoint to an S3 bucket that is configured to host the static content. Configure an Application Load Balancer that targets an Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS) service that runs AWS Fargate tasks for the PHP application. Configure the PHP application to use an Amazon ElastiCache for Redis cluster that runs in multiple Availability Zones.
Hint Answer: D
Question #: 328
Topic #: 1
A company runs a web application on Amazon EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group that has a target group. The company designed the application to work with session affinity (sticky sessions) for a better user experience.
The application must be available publicly over the internet as an endpoint. A WAF must be applied to the endpoint for additional security. Session affinity (sticky sessions) must be configured on the endpoint.
Which combination of steps will meet these requirements? (Choose two.)
A. Create a public Network Load Balancer. Specify the application target group.
B. Create a Gateway Load Balancer. Specify the application target group.
C. Create a public Application Load Balancer. Specify the application target group.
D. Create a second target group. Add Elastic IP addresses to the EC2 instances.
E. Create a web ACL in AWS WAF. Associate the web ACL with the endpoint
Hint Answer: CE
Question #: 328
Topic #: 1
A company runs a web application on Amazon EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group that has a target group. The company designed the application to work with session affinity (sticky sessions) for a better user experience.
The application must be available publicly over the internet as an endpoint. A WAF must be applied to the endpoint for additional security. Session affinity (sticky sessions) must be configured on the endpoint.
Which combination of steps will meet these requirements? (Choose two.)
A. Create a public Network Load Balancer. Specify the application target group.
B. Create a Gateway Load Balancer. Specify the application target group.
C. Create a public Application Load Balancer. Specify the application target group.
D. Create a second target group. Add Elastic IP addresses to the EC2 instances.
E. Create a web ACL in AWS WAF. Associate the web ACL with the endpoint
Hint Answer: CE
Question #: 329
Topic #: 1
A company is relocating its data center and wants to securely transfer 50 TB of data to AWS within 2 weeks. The existing data center has a Site-to-Site VPN connection to AWS that is 90% utilized.
Which AWS service should a solutions architect use to meet these requirements?
A. AWS DataSync with a VPC endpoint
B. AWS Direct Connect
C. AWS Snowball Edge Storage Optimized
D. AWS Storage Gateway
Hint Answer: C
Question #: 330
Topic #: 1
A company has customers located across the world. The company wants to use automation to secure its systems and network infrastructure. The company’s security team must be able to track and audit all incremental changes to the infrastructure.
Which solution will meet these requirements?
A. Use AWS Organizations to set up the infrastructure. Use AWS Config to track changes.
B. Use AWS CloudFormation to set up the infrastructure. Use AWS Config to track changes.
C. Use AWS Organizations to set up the infrastructure. Use AWS Service Catalog to track changes.
D. Use AWS CloudFormation to set up the infrastructure. Use AWS Service Catalog to track changes.
Hint Answer: B
Question #: 331
Topic #: 1
A startup company is hosting a website for its customers on an Amazon EC2 instance. The website consists of a stateless Python application and a MySQL database. The website serves only a small amount of traffic. The company is concerned about the reliability of the instance and needs to migrate to a highly available architecture. The company cannot modify the application code.
Which combination of actions should a solutions architect take to achieve high availability for the website? (Choose two.)
A. Provision an internet gateway in each Availability Zone in use.
B. Migrate the database to an Amazon RDS for MySQL Multi-AZ DB instance.
C. Migrate the database to Amazon DynamoDB, and enable DynamoDB auto scaling.
D. Use AWS DataSync to synchronize the database data across multiple EC2 instances.
E. Create an Application Load Balancer to distribute traffic to an Auto Scaling group of EC2 instances that are distributed across two Availability Zones.
Hint Answer: BE
Question #: 332
Topic #: 1
A company performs tests on an application that uses an Amazon DynamoDB table. The tests run for 4 hours once a week. The company knows how many read and write operations the application performs to the table each second during the tests. The company does not currently use DynamoDB for any other use case. A solutions architect needs to optimize the costs for the table.
Which solution will meet these requirements?
A. Choose on-demand mode. Update the read and write capacity units appropriately.
B. Choose provisioned mode. Update the read and write capacity units appropriately.
C. Purchase DynamoDB reserved capacity for a 1-year term.
D. Purchase DynamoDB reserved capacity for a 3-year term.
Hint Answer: B
Question #: 333
Topic #: 1
A company runs its applications on Amazon EC2 instances. The company performs periodic financial assessments of its AWS costs. The company recently identified unusual spending.
The company needs a solution to prevent unusual spending. The solution must monitor costs and notify responsible stakeholders in the event of unusual spending.
Which solution will meet these requirements?
A. Use an AWS Budgets template to create a zero spend budget.
B. Create an AWS Cost Anomaly Detection monitor in the AWS Billing and Cost Management console.
C. Create AWS Pricing Calculator estimates for the current running workload pricing details.
D. Use Amazon CloudWatch to monitor costs and to identify unusual spending.
Hint Answer: B
Question #: 334
Topic #: 1
A marketing company receives a large amount of new clickstream data in Amazon S3 from a marketing campaign. The company needs to analyze the clickstream data in Amazon S3 quickly. Then the company needs to determine whether to process the data further in the data pipeline.
Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?
A. Create external tables in a Spark catalog. Configure jobs in AWS Glue to query the data.
B. Configure an AWS Glue crawler to crawl the data. Configure Amazon Athena to query the data.
C. Create external tables in a Hive metastore. Configure Spark jobs in Amazon EMR to query the data.
D. Configure an AWS Glue crawler to crawl the data. Configure Amazon Kinesis Data Analytics to use SQL to query the data.
Hint Answer: B
Question #: 335
Topic #: 1
A company runs an SMB file server in its data center. The file server stores large files that the company frequently accesses for up to 7 days after the file creation date. After 7 days, the company needs to be able to access the files with a maximum retrieval time of 24 hours.
Which solution will meet these requirements?
A. Use AWS DataSync to copy data that is older than 7 days from the SMB file server to AWS.
B. Create an Amazon S3 File Gateway to increase the company’s storage space. Create an S3 Lifecycle policy to transition the data to S3 Glacier Deep Archive after 7 days.
C. Create an Amazon FSx File Gateway to increase the company’s storage space. Create an Amazon S3 Lifecycle policy to transition the data after 7 days.
D. Configure access to Amazon S3 for each user. Create an S3 Lifecycle policy to transition the data to S3 Glacier Flexible Retrieval after 7 days.
Hint Answer: B
Question #: 336
Topic #: 1
A company runs a web application on Amazon EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group. The application uses a database that runs on an Amazon RDS for PostgreSQL DB instance. The application performs slowly when traffic increases. The database experiences a heavy read load during periods of high traffic.
Which actions should a solutions architect take to resolve these performance issues? (Choose two.)
A. Turn on auto scaling for the DB instance.
B. Create a read replica for the DB instance. Configure the application to send read traffic to the read replica.
C. Convert the DB instance to a Multi-AZ DB instance deployment. Configure the application to send read traffic to the standby DB instance.
D. Create an Amazon ElastiCache cluster. Configure the application to cache query results in the ElastiCache cluster.
E. Configure the Auto Scaling group subnets to ensure that the EC2 instances are provisioned in the same Availability Zone as the DB instance.
Hint Answer: BD
Question #: 337
Topic #: 1
A company uses Amazon EC2 instances and Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) volumes to run an application. The company creates one snapshot of each EBS volume every day to meet compliance requirements. The company wants to implement an architecture that prevents the accidental deletion of EBS volume snapshots. The solution must not change the administrative rights of the storage administrator user.
Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST administrative effort?
A. Create an IAM role that has permission to delete snapshots. Attach the role to a new EC2 instance. Use the AWS CLI from the new EC2 instance to delete snapshots.
B. Create an IAM policy that denies snapshot deletion. Attach the policy to the storage administrator user.
C. Add tags to the snapshots. Create retention rules in Recycle Bin for EBS snapshots that have the tags.
D. Lock the EBS snapshots to prevent deletion.
Hint Answer: D
Question #: 338
Topic #: 1
A company’s application uses Network Load Balancers, Auto Scaling groups, Amazon EC2 instances, and databases that are deployed in an Amazon VPC. The company wants to capture information about traffic to and from the network interfaces in near real time in its Amazon VPC. The company wants to send the information to Amazon OpenSearch Service for analysis.
Which solution will meet these requirements?
A. Create a log group in Amazon CloudWatch Logs. Configure VPC Flow Logs to send the log data to the log group. Use Amazon Kinesis Data Streams to stream the logs from the log group to OpenSearch Service.
B. Create a log group in Amazon CloudWatch Logs. Configure VPC Flow Logs to send the log data to the log group. Use Amazon Kinesis Data Firehose to stream the logs from the log group to OpenSearch Service.
C. Create a trail in AWS CloudTrail. Configure VPC Flow Logs to send the log data to the trail. Use Amazon Kinesis Data Streams to stream the logs from the trail to OpenSearch Service.
D. Create a trail in AWS CloudTrail. Configure VPC Flow Logs to send the log data to the trail. Use Amazon Kinesis Data Firehose to stream the logs from the trail to OpenSearch Service.
Hint Answer: B
Question #: 339
Topic #: 1
A company stores sensitive data in Amazon S3. A solutions architect needs to create an encryption solution. The company needs to fully control the ability of users to create, rotate, and disable encryption keys with minimal effort for any data that must be encrypted.
Which solution will meet these requirements?
A. Use default server-side encryption with Amazon S3 managed encryption keys (SSE-S3) to store the sensitive data.
B. Create a customer managed key by using AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS). Use the new key to encrypt the S3 objects by using server-side encryption with AWS KMS keys (SSE-KMS).
C. Create an AWS managed key by using AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS). Use the new key to encrypt the S3 objects by using server-side encryption with AWS KMS keys (SSE-KMS).
D. Download S3 objects to an Amazon EC2 instance. Encrypt the objects by using customer managed keys. Upload the encrypted objects back into Amazon S3.
Hint Answer: B
Question #: 340
Topic #: 1
A company wants to back up its on-premises virtual machines (VMs) to AWS. The company’s backup solution exports on-premises backups to an Amazon S3 bucket as objects. The S3 backups must be retained for 30 days and must be automatically deleted after 30 days.
Which combination of steps will meet these requirements? (Choose three.)
A. Create an S3 bucket that has S3 Object Lock enabled.
B. Create an S3 bucket that has object versioning enabled.
C. Configure a default retention period of 30 days for the objects.
D. Configure an S3 Lifecycle policy to protect the objects for 30 days.
E. Configure an S3 Lifecycle policy to expire the objects after 30 days.
F. Configure the backup solution to tag the objects with a 30-day retention period
Hint Answer: ACE
Question #: 341
Topic #: 1
A solutions architect needs to copy files from an Amazon S3 bucket to an Amazon Elastic File System (Amazon EFS) file system and another S3 bucket. The files must be copied continuously. New files are added to the original S3 bucket consistently. The copied files should be overwritten only if the source file changes.
Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?
A. Create an AWS DataSync location for both the destination S3 bucket and the EFS file system. Create a task for the destination S3 bucket and the EFS file system. Set the transfer mode to transfer only data that has changed.
B. Create an AWS Lambda function. Mount the file system to the function. Set up an S3 event notification to invoke the function when files are created and changed in Amazon S3. Configure the function to copy files to the file system and the destination S3 bucket.
C. Create an AWS DataSync location for both the destination S3 bucket and the EFS file system. Create a task for the destination S3 bucket and the EFS file system. Set the transfer mode to transfer all data.
D. Launch an Amazon EC2 instance in the same VPC as the file system. Mount the file system. Create a script to routinely synchronize all objects that changed in the origin S3 bucket to the destination S3 bucket and the mounted file system.
Hint Answer: A
Question #: 342
Topic #: 1
A company uses Amazon EC2 instances and stores data on Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) volumes. The company must ensure that all data is encrypted at rest by using AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS). The company must be able to control rotation of the encryption keys.
Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?
A. Create a customer managed key. Use the key to encrypt the EBS volumes.
B. Use an AWS managed key to encrypt the EBS volumes. Use the key to configure automatic key rotation.
C. Create an external KMS key with imported key material. Use the key to encrypt the EBS volumes.
D. Use an AWS owned key to encrypt the EBS volumes.
Hint Answer: A
Question #: 343
Topic #: 1
A company needs a solution to enforce data encryption at rest on Amazon EC2 instances. The solution must automatically identify noncompliant resources and enforce compliance policies on findings.
Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST administrative overhead?
A. Use an IAM policy that allows users to create only encrypted Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) volumes. Use AWS Config and AWS Systems Manager to automate the detection and remediation of unencrypted EBS volumes.
B. Use AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) to manage access to encrypted Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) volumes. Use AWS Lambda and Amazon EventBridge to automate the detection and remediation of unencrypted EBS volumes.
C. Use Amazon Macie to detect unencrypted Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) volumes. Use AWS Systems Manager Automation rules to automatically encrypt existing and new EBS volumes.
D. Use Amazon inspector to detect unencrypted Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) volumes. Use AWS Systems Manager Automation rules to automatically encrypt existing and new EBS volumes.
Hint Answer: A
Question #: 344
Topic #: 1
A company is migrating its multi-tier on-premises application to AWS. The application consists of a single-node MySQL database and a multi-node web tier. The company must minimize changes to the application during the migration. The company wants to improve application resiliency after the migration.
Which combination of steps will meet these requirements? (Choose two.)
A. Migrate the web tier to Amazon EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group behind an Application Load Balancer.
B. Migrate the database to Amazon EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group behind a Network Load Balancer.
C. Migrate the database to an Amazon RDS Multi-AZ deployment.
D. Migrate the web tier to an AWS Lambda function.
E. Migrate the database to an Amazon DynamoDB table.
Hint Answer: AC
Question #: 345
Topic #: 1
A company wants to migrate its web applications from on premises to AWS. The company is located close to the eu-central-1 Region. Because of regulations, the company cannot launch some of its applications in eu-central-1. The company wants to achieve single-digit millisecond latency.
Which solution will meet these requirements?
A. Deploy the applications in eu-central-1. Extend the company’s VPC from eu-central-1 to an edge location in Amazon CloudFront.
B. Deploy the applications in AWS Local Zones by extending the company’s VPC from eu-central-1 to the chosen Local Zone.
C. Deploy the applications in eu-central-1. Extend the company’s VPC from eu-central-1 to the regional edge caches in Amazon CloudFront.
D. Deploy the applications in AWS Wavelength Zones by extending the company’s VPC from eu-central-1 to the chosen Wavelength Zone.
Hint Answer: B
Question #: 346
Topic #: 1
A company is developing an application that will run on a production Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Service (Amazon EKS) cluster. The EKS cluster has managed node groups that are provisioned with On-Demand Instances.
The company needs a dedicated EKS cluster for development work. The company will use the development cluster infrequently to test the resiliency of the application. The EKS cluster must manage all the nodes.
Which solution will meet these requirements MOST cost-effectively?
A. Create a managed node group that contains only Spot Instances.
B. Create two managed node groups. Provision one node group with On-Demand Instances. Provision the second node group with Spot Instances.
C. Create an Auto Scaling group that has a launch configuration that uses Spot Instances. Configure the user data to add the nodes to the EKS cluster.
D. Create a managed node group that contains only On-Demand Instances.
Hint Answer: A
Question #: 347
Topic #: 1
A company is creating an application. The company stores data from tests of the application in multiple on-premises locations.
The company needs to connect the on-premises locations to VPCs in an AWS Region in the AWS Cloud. The number of accounts and VPCs will increase during the next year. The network architecture must simplify the administration of new connections and must provide the ability to scale.
Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST administrative overhead?
A. Create a peering connection between the VPCs. Create a VPN connection between the VPCs and the on-premises locations.
B. Launch an Amazon EC2 instance. On the instance, include VPN software that uses a VPN connection to connect all VPCs and on-premises locations.
C. Create a transit gateway. Create VPC attachments for the VPC connections. Create VPN attachments for the on-premises connections.
D. Create an AWS Direct Connect connection between the on-premises locations and a central VPC. Connect the central VPC to other VPCs by using peering connections.
Hint Answer: C
Question #: 348
Topic #: 1
A company that uses AWS needs a solution to predict the resources needed for manufacturing processes each month. The solution must use historical values that are currently stored in an Amazon S3 bucket. The company has no machine learning (ML) experience and wants to use a managed service for the training and predictions.
Which combination of steps will meet these requirements? (Choose two.)
A. Deploy an Amazon SageMaker model. Create a SageMaker endpoint for inference.
B. Use Amazon SageMaker to train a model by using the historical data in the S3 bucket.
C. Configure an AWS Lambda function with a function URL that uses Amazon SageMaker endpoints to create predictions based on the inputs.
D. Configure an AWS Lambda function with a function URL that uses an Amazon Forecast predictor to create a prediction based on the inputs.
E. Train an Amazon Forsecast predictor by using the historical data in the S3 bucket.
Hint Answer: AB
Question #: 349
Topic #: 1
A company manages AWS accounts in AWS Organizations. AWS IAM Identity Center (AWS Single Sign-On) and AWS Control Tower are configured for the accounts. The company wants to manage multiple user permissions across all the accounts.
The permissions will be used by multiple IAM users and must be split between the developer and administrator teams. Each team requires different permissions. The company wants a solution that includes new users that are hired on both teams.
Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?
A. Create individual users in IAM Identity Center for each account. Create separate developer and administrator groups in IAM Identity Center. Assign the users to the appropriate groups. Create a custom IAM policy for each group to set fine-grained permissions.
B. Create individual users in IAM Identity Center for each account. Create separate developer and administrator groups in IAM Identity Center. Assign the users to the appropriate groups. Attach AWS managed IAM policies to each user as needed for fine-grained permissions.
C. Create individual users in IAM Identity Center. Create new developer and administrator groups in IAM Identity Center. Create new permission sets that include the appropriate IAM policies for each group. Assign the new groups to the appropriate accounts. Assign the new permission sets to the new groups. When new users are hired, add them to the appropriate group.
D. Create individual users in IAM Identity Center. Create new permission sets that include the appropriate IAM policies for each user. Assign the users to the appropriate accounts. Grant additional IAM permissions to the users from within specific accounts. When new users are hired, add them to IAM Identity Center and assign them to the accounts.
Hint Answer: C
Question #: 350
Topic #: 1
A company wants to standardize its Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) volume encryption strategy. The company also wants to minimize the cost and configuration effort required to operate the volume encryption check.
Which solution will meet these requirements?
A. Write API calls to describe the EBS volumes and to confirm the EBS volumes are encrypted. Use Amazon EventBridge to schedule an AWS Lambda function to run the API calls.
B. Write API calls to describe the EBS volumes and to confirm the EBS volumes are encrypted. Run the API calls on an AWS Fargate task.
C. Create an AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM) policy that requires the use of tags on EBS volumes. Use AWS Cost Explorer to display resources that are not properly tagged. Encrypt the untagged resources manually.
D. Create an AWS Config rule for Amazon EBS to evaluate if a volume is encrypted and to flag the volume if it is not encrypted.
Hint Answer: D
